Many once-common office jobs have disappeared or evolved due to technological advances, automation and changes in workplace practices. These traditional office jobs reflect a time when more manual processes and in-person tasks were needed to keep workplaces running efficiently, but as technology evolves, new roles emerge to meet modern office needs, reshaping the workforce in unique ways.

“I remember writing up some ads for the classified section that listed jobs that haven’t been mentioned for years,” says Gloria Bianchi, who used to work for advertising agencies in New York and Chicago. “I remember getting low applicants for some ads and realizing we were looking for people who had moved on to a new variant of their profession and did not want to be associated with titles that seemed like a step backward.”

Here are some traditional office jobs that have changed significantly or no longer exist:

Billing clerk: Before electronic invoicing, billing clerks manually created and processed invoices and payment records. With accounting software, this position has evolved into a more digital-focused accounting role.

File clerk: File clerks were responsible for organizing and maintaining extensive physical filing systems, keeping track of records and retrieving files. With digital storage, the role of a dedicated file clerk has diminished.

Keypunch operator: Keypunch operators were responsible for inputting data on punch cards for early computers. The role was essential before modern data entry methods and digital storage.

Mailroom clerk: While mailrooms still exist, the role of a dedicated mailroom clerk handling extensive mail sorting and distribution has declined mainly due to email, digital communication and centralized mail handling.

Office runner: Office runners would deliver documents, messages and packages within large office buildings or between companies. Email and digital files have made most of these tasks obsolete.

Payroll clerk: Payroll clerks were responsible for manually calculating employee pay, taxes, and benefits. Payroll software has automated most of this work.

Receptionist: Though some offices still employ receptionists, many companies now use digital check-ins, security, or automated phone systems.

Stenographer: Stenographers used shorthand or stenograph machines to transcribe spoken words verbatim in real time, often in legal or executive settings. This role has decreased significantly with digital recording and transcription software.

Switchboard operator: These operators connected phone calls manually in large office buildings, redirecting calls between departments and managing external lines. Automated phone systems have made this role obsolete.

Switchboard receptionist: Unlike a typical receptionist, these roles focused exclusively on operating the company’s switchboard, handling incoming calls and routing them. Automated systems have primarily replaced this job.

Telephone sales representative: Telemarketing and telephone sales positions have decreased with the rise of digital marketing, email campaigns and customer relationship management systems./Tribune News Service