A grim new report shows that Boston ranked dead last among the nation’s ten largest cities when it comes to available rental units as regional housing production has failed to keep pace with the lofty goals of policy makers.

Released by the Boston Foundation on Tuesday, the newest Greater Boston Housing Report Card shows that housing construction has seriously fallen behind need projections laid out by the Metro Mayors Coalition in 2015. The Coalition of 15 large municipalities aimed to produce 185,000 housing units by 2030. So far, they’ve issued permits for less than half the units they would need to be on track with that goal.

“Building Permit Survey data suggest that the coalition is behind the pace of housing production needed to achieve this shared goal, with a deficit of 43,262 units as of 2022,” the report reads, in part.

The report also showed that Boston is last among the nation’s largest cities when it comes to rental availability and fourth when it comes to housing stock available for purchase.

“Homeowner and rental vacancy rates remain stubbornly low in Greater Boston compared to the 10 largest metro areas in the U.S. Between 2020 and 2022 homeowner vacancies have increased a bit, but they remain below 1 percent. Rental vacancies, however, continued to decline in 2022,” the report reads.

A consequence of the tight single-family home market and rising mortgage rates, according to the report, is even further strain on the rental market as families hold off on buying.

“As rising mortgage rates increase monthly mortgage costs for new homebuyers, many of those would-be homebuyers instead remain renters, gobbling up the supply of rental units and driving down the rate of rental vacancies,” the report reads.

According to Boston Foundation President and CEO Lee Pelton, this year’s report is an unfortunate refrain to past housing surveys.

“The past year has unfortunately offered more of the all-too-familiar story of high prices, low vacancy rates, and systems and regulations that are keeping thousands of homeseekers – particularly non-White families – from accessing affordable rental housing and homeownership opportunities,” Pelton said.

Arlington, Boston, Braintree, Brookline, Cambridge, Chelsea, Everett, Malden, Medford, Melrose, Newton, Quincy, Revere, Somerville, and Winthrop comprise the Metro Mayors Coalition.