A new poll points to rising housing costs and transportation challenges as two of the main factors that are squeezing many people out of Massachusetts. The results show that one in five residents plan to leave the state within the next five years.

Roughly 71% of the 1,408 Massachusetts residents surveyed reported feeling the pinch from housing costs while another 57% cited transportation costs as a burden, per the results released Tuesday by The MassINC Polling Group, which conducted the poll on behalf of the advocacy group Transportation for Massachusetts.

Of the residents surveyed, 40% plan to move within five years — 19% to another location in Massachusetts and 21% to a home in another state. Another 15% said they were unsure of their future plans.

“This survey confirms that housing and transportation are not separate issues; they are deeply interconnected,” Reggie Ramos, executive director of Transportation for Massachusetts, said in a statement. “Residents are experiencing these as combined, intersecting crises. Housing affordability and transportation connectivity to opportunities impact quality of life and can exacerbate inequality.”

Ramos cited the results when making a pitch for public officials to “take steps to solve them jointly and immediately.”

The poll found that the residents most burdened by housing and transportation challenges are more likely to be women who rent their homes and take public transit.

Results showed that residents considered housing and migrants or immigration to be the top issues facing the state government, at 18% apiece, followed by taxes, government spending and welfare at 14% and inflation or cost of living at 13%.

Nearly 80% of residents cite finding a home they could afford as the decisive factor in determining where they choose to live. Having safe places to walk or bike nearby and finding a home with enough space for their families were the other main priorities, at 47% and 41%, respectively.

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The poll also showed that, despite the state and local push to get more people onto public transit, less than 10% cited various modes of public transportation as their main way of getting around — although 35% said they use it at least some of the time as part of their commute to work.

Results honed in on persistent challenges with the MBTA, and showed that nearly 80% either drive alone or ride with others, as their main way of getting around.

The poll also suggested the support for congestion pricing is growing, in the wake of a recent study that showed Boston ranks in the top-10 for worst traffic in the world, and fourth among cities in the United States.

Fifty percent of respondents were open to studying congestion pricing, which could consist of charging drivers a fee to enter downtown Boston. Pollsters described the result as “surprising.”